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Rahul Gandhi accused Prime Minister Narendra Modi of yielding to Donald Trump over the new UPI merchant discount rate.
The government has announced a 0.4 percent fee on merchant transactions above Rs. 2,000 starting October 15.
Person-to-person payments and small-value UPI transactions are exempt.
Congress and other critics called the move a burden on digital payments and linked it to foreign pressure claims.
More context
The Finance Ministry and BJP rejected those allegations and said consumers will not bear MDR charges.
Supporters of the policy said it is meant to sustain the digital payments ecosystem.